Do you know about - Nano Particle Tech Uses for Molybdenum
Pa Electric Choice! Again, for I know. Ready to share new things that are useful. You and your friends.Finally, the financial markets have caught on as to how hot molybdenum stocks could get. While we began researching molybdenum about a year ago, and only first publishing in July 2006, molybdenum commentator Ken Reser has practically been the lone voice in the moly wilderness for investors. (We understand there have been several tout sheets hyping molybdenum stocks for nearly as long, but we can't include those in serious discussions about this metal.)
What I said. It is not outcome that the real about Pa Electric Choice. You check this out article for facts about an individual want to know is Pa Electric Choice.How is Nano Particle Tech Uses for Molybdenum
Now that molybdenum traders have grown more bullish about the metal, we expect molybdenum pricing to continue higher. Ferro moly prices have prolonged firming up. Some quantity is now selling at Us per kg in Europe. One narrative indicates a modern moly oxide sale at /pound.
The emergence of the Sprott Molybdenum Participation Fund might only advise the beginning of stronger institutional interest in primary molybdenum producers and on-the-horizon molybdenum producers - those whose projects could be online by 2010 or sooner.
In March 2005, Ken Reser penned a short editorial entitled, "Molybdenum: The 21st Century & Beyond Metal."
Mainstream analysts had not beyond doubt bothered to investigate the numerous uses for molybdenum prior to Ken Reser's discussion. Since then, molybdenum stocks have had an foreseen, run. Mainstream media, such as Canada's Globe & Mail, Dow Jones MarketWatch, The Australian and London's Daily Telegraph - have featured molybdenum in their articles and named some of the favored companies.
Now that moly's time has come, many have passed Ken Reser by, aside from our Australian colleagues, Fnarena. This is often the fate of pioneers who pave the road and point the direction where investors should head. Pioneers are oft forgotten, although streets are later named after them.
That's not going to be the case if we have any say in this. Ken Reser's moly repertoire has been extensive. Editorials since his seminal narrative have discussed moly uses in oil and gas de-sulphurization, catalysts, coal liquefaction, energy pipelines, oil super tankers, drill stem tubing, super alloys, nuclear reactors and turbines among others.
What many idea was fiction Reser preached, more than two years ago, are ideas now at the forefront of mainstream discussions among extremely respected analysts. The International Molybdenum association (Imoa) should be thankful Ken Reser attracted such a high level of investor interest to the moly mining sector over the past two years.
Well, the pioneer is alive and well. Ken Reser has more insights into molybdenum's future. And we invited Ken to publish them in his annotation below.
Ken Reser's Commentary
Little concentration has been given to a few other aspects of this metal of mystery, in a world growing and changing so rapidly. I have minuscule doubt there are more than a few uses of moly. New discoveries are waiting in the wings.
One case in point is Nano-Particle technology involving molybdenum.
American Elements Corp; The Us prominent builder of Rare Earth & advanced Material products had this to say about Nano-Particle Molybdenum:
"Molybdenum Oxide (MoO) Nano-powder or Nano-particles, nano-dots or nano-crystals are ferric and ferrous rotund or faceted high covering area oxide magnetic nanostructure particles. Nano-scale Molybdenum Oxide Particles are typically 20-80 nanometers (nm) with definite covering area (Ssa) in the 10 - 50 m 2 /g range and also available in with an average particle size of 100 nm range with a definite covering area of practically 7- 10 m 2 /g.
"Nano Molybdenum Oxide Particles are also available in ultra high purity, and high purity, transparent, and coated and dispersed forms. . Applications for Molybdenum Oxide Nano-crystals include in electrochemical capacitors, and in coatings, plastics, nano-wire, nano-fiber and textiles and in distinct alloy and catalyst applications. Additional investigate is being done for their possible electrical, dielectric, magnetic, optical, imaging, bio-medical and bioscience properties."
Applications for molybdenum nano-crystals include as a high covering area catalyst and catalyst sustain and as the catalysts in the synthesis of vertically aligned carbon nano-tubes and in coatings, plastics, nano-wire, nano-fiber and textiles and in distinct alloy and catalyst applications.
Super Alloys Created by use of Nano-Particle Reactants
(Courtesy of Materials investigate Society: Lab Data)
"Advancements in nano-technology for material processing have spurred the amelioration of super alloys that contribute improved protection against corrosion and wear. Nano-scale reactant particles offer unique thermal properties and increased homogeneity that may heighten the micro-structural features and macroscopic properties of the final product.
"In this study up to 10-wt % nano-scale molybdenum tri-oxide (MoO3) particles were added to micron scale nickel (Ni) and aluminum (Al). Results show that adding MoO3 increases the flame temperature and produces greater ignition sensitivity produces a more homogeneous microstructure and increases the wide wear resistance of the product."
Some other uses of nano-particle molybdenum include integrated in paraffin, lubricants, ceramics, nuclear reactor fuel (low enriched uranium), propylene production, high temperature grease, visual fibers, plasma televisions, fuel cells, and much more.
Hollow sphere nano-moly particles now advanced show greatly increased effectiveness in the bonding quality of de-sulphurization catalysts. Solar cells are now built on a backing of molybdenum foil. Nano-particle pigment coatings, glass works, dietary and healing products, together with artificial limbs.
Weldability of nickel-based superalloys can be approved with 'weld filler. The invention relates to weld filler which includes these constituents (in wt %): 17.5%-20.0% chromium (Cr), 10.0%-12.0% cobalt (Co), 9.0%-10.5% Molybdenum (Mo) and 0.1%-3.3% titanium.
Hydro De-Sulphurization Catalysts
The unique Hds (Hydro De-Sulphurization) Catalyst aspect of this advent is to use nano-sized MoS2 particles for two reasons:
1. Nano-sizing increases covering area and therefore the amount of "active-edge sites" per unit catalyst volume
2. Amorphous nano-particles may overcome steric resistance in sulfur-containing large aromatic molecules production the sulfur susceptible to catalytic attack during Hds.
This advent has three aspects:
o Characterization of sterically hindered organic sulfur compounds that are typically present in crudes but defiant to approved Hds catalysts,
o Reaction behavior of these sterically hindered sulfur compounds with nano-sized MoS
o Formulation and assessment of supported nano MoS2-based law for ultra deep catalytic Hds of heavy oils and distillates.
Worldwide, many millions of pounds of molybdenum are annually used in refineries. New refineries are now under construction in Asia, and on the drawing board in various other parts of the world.
Fuel Cells and Batteries
By alloying molybdenum with platinum, and carefully controlling the particle size and loading level of the alloy particles, engineers from the E-Tek department of De Nora, N.A. Have advanced Pt-based anode catalysts for polymer electrolyte membrane (Pem) fuel cells that show excellent resistance to carbon monoxide poisoning.
Aps Physics (March 2007) comments on Nano-Structured Molybdenum Oxides for Lithium-Ion Batteries:
"Lithium-ion batteries are the current power sources of choice for conveyable electronics. Although such batteries are commercially successful, they are not holding pace with the rapid advances in computing technologies. Also, Additional correction of operation and simultaneous allowance in cost as well as material toxicity remain the branch of arduous research.
"Here we narrative the synthesis and electrochemical operation of a novel molybdenum oxide nano-particle anode that dramatically improves current Li-ion battery technologies. Crystalline MoO nano-particles have been grown by an economical hot-wire chemical-vapor-deposition (Hwcvd) technique and a recently advanced electrophoresis technique is employed for the fabrication of porous nano-particle anodes. Both cycling stability and rate quality issues are addressed by employing these porous molybdenum oxide films that consist of nano-scale active particles.
"These materials will impact the next generations of rechargeable lithium batteries, not only for applications in buyer electronics, but also for clean energy warehouse and use in hybrid electric vehicles."
More Nano-Particle Uses
Other new uses include amelioration of new molybdenum- (Nano-Particle) strengthened martensitic steels and other Super Alloys. It is also possible to design large-area porous films of molybdenum oxide nano-particles using a novel electrophoresis deposition technique.
Nano-particle films have led to profound advancement in state-of-the-art electrochromic technologies. MoO films are promising for new lithium ion batteries. There are many newly discovered uses as well for nano particle molybdenum in Ion space thrusters, space lubricants, space craft metals and even in space telescopes searching the heavens.
Although molybdenum-based catalysts have already been advanced for use in the crude oil refinery process and coal liquefaction, the greatest leaps forward could come from the amelioration of nano particle moly-based Catalysts.
Drilling every deep-depth oil well uses as much as 15% Molybdenum for every pound of drill stem steel. Considering the immense amount of pounds (tons actually) of drill stem tubing annually used colse to the globe, I'm sure we would be amazed when extrapolating the actual amount of molybdenum used in just that one sector.
If you also think that just one kilometer of typical crude oil pipeline uses practically 2000 pounds of molybdenum in the steel, and there are globally between 80,000 and 100,000 miles of proposed pipeline projects, one can beyond doubt visualize the exponential growth pattern of moly ask in years ahead.
As I have stated in past, now you can see why the world is viewing molybdenum in a dissimilar light. It isn't just the ask from China, India or other rapidly developing nations driving the demand, the price and the dissimilar uses.
Molybdenum is truly a metal for and of the twenty-first century. It will play an ever increasingly prominent part of hereafter base metals demand. And this could very well prove a boon to primary molybdenum mining stocks. Many have strongly rallied in the past year as molybdenum prices went north, instead of south as many 'experts' forecast.
Primary molybdenum producer Thomson Creek, imminent producer Roca Mines, and near-term producers such as Adanac Molybdenum Corp, Idaho normal and Australian-based Moly Mines appear to be the investor favorites for 2007.
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